Welcome to Achimota School Archive

This archive has been established to serve as::

  • a repository for historically valuable documents and artifacts
  • a repository that stores resources for celebrating the school’s heritage.
© 2025 Achimota School. Powered by Old Achimotan Association (OAA).@Old Achimotan Association (OAA)

Communities in Achimota Archives

Select a community to browse its collections.

Recent Submissions

  • Item type:Item,
    The institutional and policy framework for regulation and competition in Ghana
    (Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., 2004) Aryeetey, E.
    Ernest Aryeetey INTRODUCTION The reforms that Ghana has undertaken in the last two decades are basically for the development of a stronger market economy. These have not only changed the nature of government economic policies, but have incorporated into them the design of regulation and institutional strengthening at all stages. The introduction of more effective regulation is premised on the idea that as the public sector withdraws from the direct production of goods and services, the revitalized private sector will require some regulation to ensure that it functions in the interest of the wider public. There are new regulatory arrangements in many of the major areas where new economic agents have taken over activities previously carried out by the public sector. But beyond that, areas that were hitherto unregulated have also come in for some regulation. This is, first, a consequence of government being required to do so under the new governance arrangements, particularly the constitution, and second, a consequence of greater demand by donors, as increasing use is made of aid for those activities. Some of the prominent new areas for regulation following restructuring are the water, electricity and telecommunications sectors. Similarly, new regulatory arrangements have been instituted for the financial sector following major reforms. In the area of production, government has pulled back extensively from direct involvement in the manufacturing and agricultural sectors and has sought to encourage more extensive private sector participation, at both the small-scale and large-scale ends of the market. The expanded role of the�. � 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Item,
    Ghana�s post-independence economic growth 1960�2000
    (Boydell and Brewer Ltd, 2010) Fosu, A.; Aryeetey, E.
    Introduction When Ghana became the first African nation to achieve independence from colonial rule on 6 March 1957, there was much jubilation and hope that it would pioneer the way toward rapid growth and development for Africa as a continent. Indeed, Ghana experienced reasonably high growth soon thereafter, but by 1965 per capita growth was already negative, and when the coup d��tat overthrew the Nkrumah regime in February 1966, per capita income was below its value at the time of independence. Conditions appeared to improve significantly during the late 1960s and early 1970s. However, the mid-1970s saw the beginning of significant deterioration, so that, by the early 1980s, per capita GDP had reached its nadir in the history of Ghana�s post-independence. While economic conditions have improved markedly since then, the growth rate has failed to accelerate significantly, and per capita income has yet to reach its level in 1957. In 1993 Ghana set itself the target of becoming an upper middle-income country by 2020, requiring an estimated GDP growth rate of about 8% per annum. In the five years since the inception of the set targets, however, the economy showed no capacity to move towards it. Whereas GDP was expected to grow by between 7.1% and 8.3% in the period 1996-2000, actual growth was between 4.2% and 5.0%. In 1999, for example, all macroeconomic targets were off by quite substantial margins, and the trend continued into 2000. � 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Item,
    The changing regulatory environment and its implications for the performance of small- and mediumsized enterprises in Ghana
    (Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., 2006) Aryeetey, E.; Ahene-Codjoe, A.A.
    [No abstract available]
  • Item type:Item,
    Ghana
    (Taylor and Francis, 2014) Aryeetey, E.; Baah-Boateng, W.; Ackah, C.G.; Lehrer, K.; Mbiti, I.
    Ghana�s economic growth performance has been easily one of the better known in Sub-Saharan Africa over the past three decades. The country�s annual growth performance averaged 5.1 per cent between 1984 and 2010. A rebasing of the country�s national accounts in 2006 pushed the country from being lower-income to the ranks of lower-middle-income countries with an annual average real GDP growth of about 8.5 per cent during 2006-11. The good growth performance has not, however, been reflected in the generation of productive, decent and sustainable employment. It is estimated that the employment elasticity of output dropped from an average of 0.64 in 1992-2000 to 0.52 and 0.4 in 2001-04 and 2005-08, respectively (ILO, 2008a). Employment growth has tended to lag behind economic growth, as reflected in the divergence of growth of national output and employment. An annual average growth of real GDP of 5 per cent between 1992 and 2008 could translate into only a 2.7 per cent annual average employment growth over the same period. Estimates from the last three rounds of the Ghana Living Standards Surveys (GLSS3, 4 and 5) indicate that total employment increased from 5.79 million in 1992 to 7.07 million and 9.14 million in 1999 and 2006, respectively (Figure 5.1). These represent average annual employment growth of 3.94 and 2.69 per cent over 1992-99 and 1999-2006, respectively, with projected total employment at about 10.05 million in 2010 against actual total employment of 10.24 million, based on the 2010 population and housing census. The slow response of employment generation to growth of the economy is largely linked to the slow growth of the labour-intensive sectors of the economy, such as manufacturing and agriculture, as against remarkable growth of low labour-absorption sectors of mining, finance, telecommunication and cocoa. Estimates from National Accounts indicate that during 2000-10, while agriculture and manufacturing grew annually on average at 4.7 and 3.7 per cent, respectively, mining and quarrying, finance, insurance and business, and 8 7 1 0 - � ao 7.17.2 7.4 f. o.: �~5.~. 1 ~L ii~ f..- I -~ ~,. ..- 1"-. � 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Item,
    The global food and financial crises and the poor in Africa
    (CABI Publishing, 2011) Aryeetey, E.; Moyo, N.
    Sub-Saharan Africa was significantly affected by the global food and economic crises of the late 2000s, with the continent suffering pronounced negative impacts on many of its countries and people. Given its widespread poverty, dependence on commodity exports, and status as a net food importer, the continent experienced a series of shocks as it was hit first with sharply rising food prices in 2007-2008, then by falling global prices for its exports, and finally by the depletion of foreign reserves to pay for imports and necessary goods. These impacts reversed past gains in poverty reduction and led to increased undernourishment, poor health, infant mortality and social unrest. The global financial crisis and economic recession which followed immediately thereafter further worsened the state of many African economies and people, most notably the poor. The financial and economic crises were transmitted to African economies both through direct channels-stock and bond markets, the banking sector, declines in foeign direct investment, and depreciated exchange rates-and even more strongly through indirect channels-significant declines in export prices, export revenues, official development assistance, and remittances. Economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa-in oil-producing and non-oil producing countries alike-slowed significantly in 2009 following impressive performance earlier in the decade. This chapter highlights developments in three countries-Ghana, Zambia and Nigeria-to illustrate the diverse impacts of the crises. Overall, the poor in sub-Saharan Africa experienced a 'double agony' as a result of the simultaneous crises, with negative consequences for poverty, undernourishment and infant mortality. Although the economic recovery followed more rapidly than expected and is now well underway, sub-Saharan Africa continues to be at risk once again with rising food prices in 2010-2011. While African governments made significant strides in mitigating the impact of the crises on their economies, much less progress has been made in softening the blows of the food and financial crises on the poor. Just as governments have adopted counter-cyclical macroeconomic policies, governments must, in the future, do a better job of implementing counter-cyclical social protection programs to assist poor and vulnerable populations and help ensure that external economic shocks do not derail long-term poverty reduction goals. � CAB International 2011. � 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.